14–19 Jun 2026
Monterey, California (USA)
US/Pacific timezone
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Development of the Charge-Exchange Oslo Method and Application Towards Constraining Reaction Rates for Nucleosynthesis of Cosmochronometer $^{92}$Nb

19 Jun 2026, 09:00
30m
Monterey, California (USA)

Monterey, California (USA)

Hilton Garden Inn Monterey
Oral Presentations Plenary

Speaker

Neshad Deva Pathirana (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Michigan State University)

Description

Charge-exchange (CE) reactions are a powerful tool for probing the spin-isospin response of nuclei. Because they are not restricted to a narrow Q-value window, they provide complementary access to weak-interaction processes such as $\beta$-decay and electron-capture. In particular, the proportionality between Gamow-Teller strength, B(GT), and the CE differential cross section makes it possible to extract B(GT) distributions up to high excitation energies, providing key input for electron-capture and neutrino-nucleus reaction rates in hot and dense astrophysical environments. By combining CE measurements with coincident $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy, we have extended the Oslo method to CE reactions, establishing the Charge-Exchange Oslo (CE-Oslo) method for extracting nuclear level densities (NLDs) and $\gamma$-ray strength functions ($\gamma$SFs). These two statistical quantities are essential for indirectly constraining astrophysical neutron-capture reaction rates. The CE-Oslo method was first tested using $^{93}$Nb$(t,{}^{3}$He$+\gamma)$ data taken with the S800 spectrometer in coincidence with the GRETINA $\gamma$-ray detector at NSCL/FRIB. Although the primary goal of that experiment was to extract the B(GT) distribution from $^{93}$Nb to $^{93}$Zr, the particle-$\gamma$ coincidence data also enabled the extraction of the NLD and $\gamma$SF of $^{93}$Zr. These were propagated through Hauser-Feshbach calculations with TALYS to estimate the $^{92}$Zr$(n,\gamma)^{93}$Zr cross section. The resulting cross section is in good agreement with direct measurements, thereby validating the CE-Oslo method. This development serves as the foundation for the planned $^{92}$Zr$({}^{3}$He,$t+\gamma)^{92}$Nb experiment at RCNP. The goal of this experiment is to constrain the $^{91}$Nb$(n,\gamma)^{92}$Nb and $^{92}$Zr$(\nu_e,e^{-})^{92}$Nb reaction rates using the CE-Oslo method and Multipole Decomposition Analysis. These two reactions, neither of which has yet been experimentally constrained, are key regulators of $^{92}$Nb production in the $\gamma$-process and neutrino-process in core-collapse and Type Ia supernovae environments. $^{92}$Nb is one of the few confirmed proton-rich short-lived radionuclides, and the meteoritic $^{92}$Nb/$^{92}$Mo ratio provides a sensitive probe of proton-rich nucleosynthesis and early Solar System formation. However, its interpretation has long been limited by both astrophysical and nuclear-physics uncertainties. Using data from two separate experiments, $^{90}$Zr$(\alpha,d+\gamma)^{92}$Nb at OCL and $^{92}$Zr$({}^{3}$He,$t)^{92}$Nb at RCNP, these two reaction rates have now been experimentally constrained and their impact on $^{92}$Nb production in supernovae environments will also be presented.

This research is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), the Norwegian Nuclear Research Center (NNRC), and the International Research Network for Nuclear Astrophysics (IReNA).

References:
1. R.G.T. Zegers, Handbook of Nuclear Physics (2023), pp. 739–773.
2. B. Gao et al., Phys. Rev. C 101, 014308 (2020).
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3. M. Lugaro et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113 (2016) 907–912.
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6. A.C. Larsen et al., Phys. Rev. C 83 (2011) 034315.
7. R.H. Cyburt et al., Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 189 (2010) 240–252.
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Contribution category Experiment
Presenter status Student

Author

Neshad Deva Pathirana (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Michigan State University)

Co-authors

Alex Gade (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Prof. Ann-Cecilie Larsen (University of Oslo) Ante Ravlic (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Artemis Spyrou (Michigan State University) Artemis Tsantiri (University of Regina) Bingshui Gao (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Brenden Longfellow (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) Carol Guess (Rowan University) Claudia Travaglio (INAF--Astrophysical Observatory of Turin) Daniel Bazin (FRIB/MSU) Dirk Weisshaar (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Eric Matthews Francesco Pogliano (University of Oslo) Hannah Berg (MSU/FRIB) Heather Crawford Hiroyuki Fujita (Research Center for Nuclear Physics) Isabelle Brandherm (University of Oslo) Johan Emil Linnestad Larsson (TU Darmstadt) Jon Dahl (University of Oslo) Jon Wikne (University of Oslo) Jorge Pereira (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Juan Zamora (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Kevin Li (University of Oslo) Lauren Bell (University of Oslo) Lew Riley (Ursinus College) Line Pedersen (University of Oslo) Magne Guttormsen (University of Oslo) Marco Pignatari (Konkoly Observatory) Maria Markova (University of Oslo) Marianne Bjørøen (University of Oslo) Nils Paar (University of Zagreb) Panagiotis Gastis (Los Alamos National Laboratory) Pavel Denissenkov (University of Victoria) Pawel Sobas (University of Oslo) Peter von Neumann-Cosel (Technische University at Darmstadt) Rade Smolović (University of Zagreb) Remco Zegers Robin Kjus (University of Oslo) Shumpei Noji (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams) Tamás Tornyi (HUN-REN Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI)) Tom Ginter (Michigan State University) Tomas Eriksen (University of Oslo) Umberto Battino (University of Hull) Vetle Ingeberg (University of Oslo) Victor Modamio (University of Oslo) Wanja Paulsen (University of Oslo) Yoshitaka Fujita (Research Center for Nuclear Physics)

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